ABSTRACT
Durante o período gestacional ocorrem profundas alterações imunológicas, metabólicas, endócrinas e vasculares, que são responsáveis por alterações cutâneas, fisiológicas e patológicas. O objetivo deste artigo foi verificar as alterações dermatológicas que ocorrem durante a gravidez. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, de artigos publicados entre 1982 e 2013, indexados no PubMed e SciELO. Em relação a pele, os achados indicam que as alterações gestacionais são divididas em: alterações fisiológicas gestacionais, dermatoses específicas e dermatoses alteradas na gestação. Este apanhado engloba as características clínicas e o prognóstico das alterações fisiológicas da pele durante a gravidez, as dermatoses influenciadas pela gravidez e as dermatoses específicas da gravidez.(AU)
During pregnancy, deep immunological, metabolic, endocrine and vascular changes responsible for physiological and pathological skin changes occur. The objective of this paper was to check the skin changes that occur during pregnancy. For this, a literature review of articles published between 1982 and 2013, indexed in PubMed and SciELO was performed. Regarding the skin, the findings indicate that gestational changes are divided into gestational physiologic changes, specific skin diseases and skin conditions changed during pregnancy. This overview covers the clinical features and prognosis of physiological skin changes during pregnancy, dermatoses affected by pregnancy specific dermatoses of pregnancy.(AU)
Subject(s)
Female , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications/physiopathology , Pregnancy Complications/metabolism , Skin Diseases/physiopathology , Dermatology/methods , Skin Diseases/classification , Pregnancy/physiology , Databases, BibliographicABSTRACT
Pruritus is the most common symptom secondary to skin diseases. Advances in the fi elds of neurobiology, immunology and physiology have made it possible for us to understand and unravel the deeper pathophysiological basis of pruritus. This review aims to update our current understanding of the mechanisms and mediators of pruritus. Special attention is paid to endogenous itch mediators particularly newly identifi ed ones like endovanilloids, opioids, neurotrophins, cannabinoids, proteases and cytokines. Various theories explaining the peripheral encoding of itch are reviewed. Multiple neural pathways including the central itch pathways as well as supraspinal processing of itch and brain areas involved in pruritus are highlighted. Apart from peripheral itch mediators, spinal neural receptors are also involved in control of itch and should form part of the development of a novel antipruritic strategy. Further studies are required to fi ll the lacunae in our current understanding of the pathophysiology of pruritus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated/metabolism , Pruritus/etiology , Pruritus/metabolism , Pruritus/physiopathology , Skin/innervation , Skin/metabolism , Skin Diseases/etiology , Skin Diseases/metabolism , Skin Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate occupational symptoms and chemical exposures of nail salon technicians. METHODS: Work-related symptoms of nail salon technicians in Daegu City were surveyed using a researcher-administered questionnaire, and responses were compared to those of non-exposed office workers as controls. Personal exposure level of airborne volatile organic compounds was also monitored using passive samplers. RESULTS: A total of 159 subjects in 120 salons were interviewed. Average work-shift concentrations of 13 chemicals were measured for 50 workers from 30 salons using personal passive samplers. The most frequently reported respiratory or neurologic symptoms by nail shop technicians compared to controls were nose irritation (odds ratio [OR], 54.0; confidence interval [CI], 21.6 to 134.8), followed by headache (OR, 9.3; CI, 4.7 to 18), and throat irritation (OR, 4.3; CI, 2.2 to 8.5). For eyes and skin, 92% of respondents complained eye irritation (OR, 13.1; CI, 5.7 to 30.1). In musculoskeletal symptoms, workers reported pain or discomfort in shoulders (OR, 20.3; CI, 7.7 to 54) and neck (OR, 19.7; CI, 8.9 to 43.6). From personal measurements, the proportion of exceeding the Korean Occupational Exposure Limit was the highest for acetone with 64%, followed by toluene (50%), butyl acetate (46%), and methyl methacrylate (12%). However, the service was being provided without a proper ventilation system in most surveyed shops. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, it is warranted to have appropriate local exhaust ventilation place to ensure adequate health protection of nail shop technicians as well as customers. At the same time, greater policy interests are warranted in nail care business to protect health of both workers and customers.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Air Pollutants, Occupational/chemistry , Eye Diseases/physiopathology , Interviews as Topic , Musculoskeletal Diseases/physiopathology , Occupational Diseases/physiopathology , Occupational Exposure/analysis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Republic of Korea , Respiratory Tract Diseases/physiopathology , Skin Diseases/physiopathology , Ventilation , Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis , WorkplaceABSTRACT
The hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome, or Job's syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent skin abscesses, recurrent respiratory tract infections, and high levels of IgE, eosinophilia, bone and dental changes. We report the case of a fourteen-year-old male patient presenting this disease, with both typical and also some relatively sporadic manifestations. We performed a literature review on the syndrome and its associated clinical findings.
A síndrome de hiperimunoglobulinemia E, ou síndrome de Job é uma imunodeficiência primária rara, caracterizada por abcessos cutâneos recorrentes, infecções de repetição do trato respiratório, títulos elevados de IgE, eosinofilia, alterações ósseas e dentárias. Relata-se o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 14 anos, portador da doença, com manifestações desde típicas a algumas relativamente esporádicas, fazendo-se uma revisão da síndrome e dos achados clínicos associados.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Job Syndrome/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Job Syndrome/physiopathology , Skin Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The Bourneville-Pringle syndrome is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder characterized by the development of multiple hamartomas in various systems, especially brain, skin, retina, kidney, heart and lung. The case of a patient with brownish plaques on the forehead and temporal region, pink malar and chin papules, and hypopigmented macules on the back and trunk is described. The diagnosis of the Bourneville-Pringle syndrome is based on clinical criteria. Presence of two major criteria, such as facial angiofibromas, forehead fibrous plaques, three or more hypomelanotic macules establish the definitive diagnosis. The diagnosis should be made as early as possible in order to assess and treat the associated complications. .
A Síndrome de Bourneville-Pringle é desordem neurocutânea autossômica dominante caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de hamartomas múltiplos em vários locais do corpo, especialmente cérebro, pele, retina, rim, coração e pulmão. Descreve-se caso de paciente com placas acastanhadas na fronte e região temporal, pápulas róseas na região malar e mento e máculas hipocrômicas no dorso e tronco. O diagnóstico da síndrome Bourneville-Pringle é baseado em critérios clínicos. Presença de dois critérios maiores, como angiofibromas faciais, placas fibrosas frontais e 3 ou mais máculas hipomelanóticas estabelecem o diagnóstico definitivo. Devese fazer o diagnóstico o mais precocemente possível para que as complicações associadas sejam avaliadas e tratadas. .
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Job Syndrome/pathology , Skin Diseases/pathology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Job Syndrome/physiopathology , Skin Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Los síntomas paraneoplásicos son patologías marcadoras de procesos malignos internos que afectan órganos y sistemas diferentes del comprometido por el proceso neoplásico. Entre los sistemas y órganos que con mayor frecuencia expresan estas alteraciones se encuentran el sistema nervioso y la piel. La asociación entre neoplasias y dermatosis había sido reconocida desde el siglo III a C. En 1986 Mc Lean estableció los criterios necesarios para definir una dermatosis como paraneoplásica: aparición simultánea o próxima entre la dermatosis y el tumor y que ambos debían tener una evolución paralela. A estas consideraciones debemos agregar como criterios de inclusión, que deben presentar características clínicas e histológicas diferentes entre ambos procesos, que exista alta frecuencia de asociación entre ambas patologías y uniformidad entre el tipo de carcinoma y la expresión cutánea, la cual a su vez debe ser de infrecuente presentación. Aunque la etiopatogenia certera de estos procesos no puede ser demostrada en forma fehaciente, si pueden esbozarse algunas hipótesis que nos permiten agrupar las diferentes manifestaciones cutáneas en cuatro grandes grupos con características etiopatogénicas comunes como la producción o consumo de sustancias biológicamentes activas (enzimas, hormonas, vitaminas), sobre producción y expresión de citocinas, producción de auto-anticuerpos y reducción de la capacidad de defensa del huésped.
Paranoplastic syndromes of malignant diseases that affect internal organs and systems different from the compromised organs by the neoplastic process. The systems and organs that most frequently express these complications are the nervous system and the skin. The association between tumors and skin diseases has been recognized since third century b.C. In 1986 Mc Lean defined the main criteria for a paraneoplastic dermatosis as: co-occurrence or proximity between the dermatosis and the tumor and a parallel evolution. As inclusion criteria to these considerations we must add that a different clinical and histological features of both processes must be present, a high frequency of association between the two conditions and uniformity in the type of skin carcinoma and the skin expression, which must be an unusual presentation. Although accurate pathogenesis of these processes can't be demonstrated some hypotheses can be stated to allow us to combine the various cuateneous manifestations in four groups with common etiopathogenic characteristics such as production or consumption of biologically active substances (enzymes, hormones, vitamins), production and expression of cytokines, production of auto-antibodies and reduced capacity of host defense.
Subject(s)
Humans , Skin Diseases/physiopathology , Paraneoplastic Syndromes/physiopathologyABSTRACT
El embarazo es una condición que altera y provoca una serie de cambios metabólicos, endócrinos e inmunológicos que pueden incidir sobre la piel y sus anexos. Muchas de las influencias que el embarazo ejerce en la piel han de ser consideradas como fisiológicas; las enfermedades preexistentes pueden cambiar su comportamiento y además vamos a encontrar dermatosis propias de la gestación. El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar los conceptos sobre estas entidades, su patogenia y manejo.
The pregnancy is a condition that alters and causes a series of metabolic changes, endocrines and immunological that can affect the skin and its attached ones. Many of influences that the pregnancy exerts in the skin have to be considered like physiological; the preexisting diseases can change behaviour and in addition we are going to find specific dermatoses of pregnancy. The objective of this revision is to update the concepts on these organizations, his pathogenic and handling.